PO1-You should know the metric units for mass, volume, length, and temperature:
PO2-You should know the following prefixes for multiples of metric units and be able to convert each into the basic metric unit.
Example 1- A milliliter (mL) is one one thousandth of a liter (L): 1 L equals 1000 mL.
Example 2- A milligram (mg) is one one thousandth of a gram (g): 10 mg equals 10/1000 = 0.01g
Self-test 1- 0.5 kg equals 50 g 500 g 500 mg 5000 mg
Self-test 2- 2 m equals 0.5 km 0.2 km 0.02 km 0.002 km
PO3-You should be able to determine the number of significant figures in a number.
Example 1- There are 4 significant figures in 0.04440.
Example 2- There are 5 significant figures in 4.4400.
Self-test 3- How many significant figures are there in 27.0021? 3 4 5 6
Self-test 4- How many significant figures are there in 0.0340? 2 3 4 5
PO4-You should be able to write any number in scientific notation. Conversely, you should be able to convert a number in scientific notation to its equivalent value in non-scientific notation.
Example 1- The scientific notation for 1,370, 455 is 1.370455 x 106.
Example 2- The scientific notation for 0.00213 is 2.13 x 10-3.
Example 3- The non-scientific notation for 2.06 x 10-2 is 0.0206.
Self-test 5- The scientific notation for 0.000345 . 3.45 x 10-43.45 x 103 34.5 x 10-5 Both the first and the third choices are correct.
Self-test 6- How would you rewrite 10.15 x 102 in non-scientific notation? 101.5 0.01015 1015 0.1015
PO5-You should be able to perform the following conversions:
Example 1- To convert a temperature from oC to K, you add 273 to the temperature in oC. Thus, 100oC is equivalent to (100 +273) = 373 K.
Example 2- To convert a temperature from K to oC, you subtract 273 from the temperature in K. Thus, 100 K is equivalent to (100 - 273) = -173oC.
Self-test 7- Dry ice has a boiling point of -78oC. What is the boiling point of dry ice in K?-351 -195 195 351
Example 3- Density is the conversion factor required to convert mass to volume and vice versa. The most common units of denisty for liquids are g/mL. A sample that weighs 5.00 g that has a density of 1.29 g/mL occupies a volume of (5.00 g)/(1.29 g/mL) = 3.88 mL.
Example 4- A solution has a density of 1.12 g/mL. The mass of 75.00 mL of this solution would be (1.12 g/mL)(75.00 mL) = 84.0 g.
Self-test 8- If a 10.00 mL sample of a solution weighs 0.9952 g, what is the density of the solution? 0.09952 g/mL 10.05 g/mL 9.9520 g/mL 99.520 g/mL
PO6-You should be able to determine the conversion factor that is required to convert from one unit to another.
Example 1- To convert a quantity that has the units of grams (g) to its equivalent value in moles (mol), the units of the conversion factor must be either g/mol or mol/g. For example, the molecular weight of dioxygen , O2, is 32.0 g/mol. Using this information, there are two ways to convert 16.0 g of O2 to its equivalent value in moles: (16.0 g)/(32.0 g/mol) = 0.50 mol. Alternatively, you could set up the problem this way: (16.0 g)x(1 mol/32.0 g) = 0.50 mol.
Self-test 9- What is the conversion factor for converting time in seconds into time in minutes? 60 sec 1/60 min 60 min/sec 60 sec/min
Self-test 10- If it takes a runner 4.00 minutes to run 1500 meters, what is the conversion factor you would use to determine how long it would take that runner to cover 1000 meters?m/min min/m You could use either of the first two choices.
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