The National Combined Sewer Overflow Control Strategy was
implemented to address the issues that combined sewerage overflows impose upon
communities. The strategy’s goals
were to reduce the overflows to only wet weather, make overflows comply with
state water quality standards, and to minimize impact upon water quality,
aquatic life, and human health issues (EPA, 1989).
In fact all the strategy really succeeded in doing was drawing attention
to the controversy of combined sewer overflows.
The goals it set out to achieve still needed to be met.
In recognizing this, the Environmental Protection Agency developed the
Combined Sewer Overflow Control Policy on
April 19, 1994
. Provided by the policy was
guidance for combined sewer overflow permit holders, overflow permit
distributors, enforcement authorities, and standards for quality of state water
(EPA, 1994). The policy also aimed
to incorporate better planning into the overflows by requiring appropriate
individuals involved in town planning to work with and participate in the design
of combined sewerage overflow management, as well as include citizens in
decision making regarding the matter (EPA, 1994).
Enforcement of overflows increased in the 1990s, and in the year 2000 the
Environmental Protection Agency developed a new plan:
Compliance and Enforcement Strategy Addressing Combined Sewer Overflows
and Sanitary Sewer Overflows. This
plan required each United States Environmental Protection Agency Region to
record overflow violations, plan enforcement strategies, and assess how one
fifth of sewer systems violating overflow regulations would be rectified (EPA,
2003). The actual process of
tackling the hindrance of combined sewerage overflows never seems complete as
more and more parameters are set upon them.
Although this is a good thing, these drawn out practices have been time
and labor intensive, and is therefore not sensitive to local taxes.