United Nations Peacekeeping Operations The United Nations has deployed numerous international military and civilian personnel to conflict areas to stop or contain hostilities and supervise the carrying out of peace agreements. "View the World Map of All Missions" on the homepage. Click on an ongoing mission and read about the profile, background, facts and figures concerning the mission. Do the same thing for another an older mission. Are there any similarities or differences between the missions?

The International Court of Justice The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. Examine the Court's statute to find out who can bring cases to the Court. Then, read the fifteen-member court's biographies. Finally, access the "Decisions" link to examine some of the Court's contentious cases. Scanning the listings, which countries have brought the United States to court? What was the Court's ruling?

Multilaterals Project The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy makes available the texts of international multilateral conventions and other instruments. It has a searchable database as well as conventions organized by subject. For instance, you can access covenants pertaining to the rules of warfare, the environment, cultural protection, or biodiversity. You can also view the Treaty of Westphalia as well as the Covenant of the League of Nations. If you really want to have some fun, read the documents chronologically.

The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) Established by the United Nations Security Council in 1993, the ICTY is mandated to prosecute persons responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law committed on the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991. Focus 16.3 in your textbook asks "Can Courts Stop War Crimes?" Visit this Web site to see who was indicted for war crimes and what judgment was rendered. Do you believe that the international community's ability to punish individuals for war crimes will be a deterrent against futures acts of genocide and inhumanity?

The International Court of Justice Considers Genocide Professor Howard Tolley, the University of Cincinnati, has created an interactive Website where you can play the judge at the International Court of Justice when Bosnia brought charges against Yugoslavia in 1993. You can explore the facts, research the law, and consider opposing arguments that support one side or the other and then make your judgement.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights Table 16.2 chronicles the legal steps in the development of international human rights. Read the document that started it all, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Did you know that Eleanor Roosevelt was the United Nations delegate who chaired the committee that produced this document?

Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an independent, non-governmental organization dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. This organization's mission is to investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. They challenge governments to respect international human rights law. HRW's Web site houses stories on breaking news concerning human rights around the globe. A clickable map delivers HRW reports on specific country's human rights abuses.