EXAM #3
________________________ NAME
This exam is worth a total of 50 points.
Write a one
or two word answer in the space provided.
one point
each, 15 points total
1) ______________________ What protein is secreted by the apical ectodermal ridge to stimulate cell proliferation in the progress zone of the vertebrate limb bud?
2) ______________________ What protein is secreted by nearby mesenchyme to induce branching in fruit fly trachea or vertebrate lung?
3) ______________________ Sonic hedgehog is secreted by which part of the vertebrate limb bud to help pattern the A/P axis?
4) ______________________ What is the general scientific name for a ÒhappinessÓ factor?
5) ______________________ Which of the following gets patterned first during vertebrate limb development, bones, muscles, nerves, or cartilage?
6) ______________________ What is the name of the model that can be used to explain the pattern of stripes on an angelfish or zebra?
7) ______________________ Give one example of a growth factor secreted by a muscle to help neurons survive.
8) ______________________ What are the neurons called that are the first ones to find pathways for their axons and dendrites during embryogenesis?
9) ______________________ What are cells called that secrete signaling factors and function like checkpoints as an axon finds its way through the limb?
10) ______________________ What long-range signaling factor is secreted by cells along the anterior/posterior compartment boundary of fruit flies wings?
11) ______________________ What protein is secreted by the dorsal ectoderm of the vertebrate limb bud to help pattern the D/V axis of the limb?
12) ______________________ What protein is expressed at the distal tip of fruit fly legs?
13) ______________________ What is the process of forming new blood vessels called?
14) ______________________ Are tubules examples of mesenchyme or epithelium?
15) ______________________ What is the name of the fruit fly gene that is the ortholog of the vertebrate cardiogenic cell specifier, Nkx2.5?
Use the attached pages to answer the following.
10 points each, 20 points total
1) Describe the formation of a synapse between a motor neuron and its target muscle including examples of the proteins involved in the process.
2) Describe how neuroblasts become specified within the neurectoderm of fruit flies including the molecular signaling pathway involved.
Use the attached pages to answer the following.
15 points
1) What are commissures and
connectives and describe the role of the midline glia in setting them up during
fruit fly development.